Methods of modeling experimental gingivitis (review of literature)

Abstract

Currently, there is a certain shortage of original pharmaceutical dental developments in the Russia. Any new pharmaceutical development should be tested for the safety of human use. There are three main stages in determining the safety profile of original pharmaceutical developments: laboratory, preclinical and clinical stages. In the case of laboratory and clinical stages, their methodology is well-known and unified, and specialists use similar assessment systems during the stages. At the same time, at the stage of preclinical study of the safety of new pharmaceutical products, there are a number of fundamentally different models of experimental gingivitis. Thus, the purpose of this study is to systematize and analyze models of experimental gingivitis in laboratory animals (white Wistar rats).
Conclusions.
During the search, 9 models of experimental gingivitis were found. Each has its advantages and disadvantages. Most of the models do not comply with the principles of bioethics, but the technique using phospholipase A2 or bee venom applications, in our opinion, has the greatest prospect of application, since all clinical and morphological changes characteristic of the inflammatory process are present in the gum tissues, which allows it to be used to assess pathogenetic processes, as well as for development of new effective therapeutic and preventive drugs.