DOI:

10.37988/1811-153X_2020_1_64

The role of the gag reflex in orthopedic treatment of patients with complete absence of teeth at the stage of dental examination and impression

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Authors

  • E.A. Kristal 1, PhD in Medical Sciences, assistant professor of the Prosthetic dentistry Department
  • 1 Sechenov University, 119435, Moscow, Russia

Abstract

The aim of the study was to establish the peculiarities of the effect of an increased vomiting reflex on the procedure of dental examination and the impression of patients with complete loss of teeth requiring dental orthopedic treatment. Materials and methods. 200 patients with complete absence of teeth in need of orthopedic treatment were examined. In the I (main) group included 98 patients with increased vomiting reflex. This group was divided into 3 subgroups depending on the preventive tactics carried out, aimed at reducing the severity of the vomiting reflex during dental procedures: a — 33 patients who, before taking the impression, were prescribed the use of local aerosol anesthesia with 10% lidocaine solution; b — 32 patients who, 1—3 minutes before the impression was taken, received a 0.1% nasal solution of galazolin; c — 33 patients who, in order to reduce the manifestations of the vomiting reflex, instead of classical imprinting, received an “optical impression” using the 3Shape Trios intraoral scanner. Comparison group (II) included 102 patients in whom there was no increased vomiting reflex, standard tactics of examination and imprinting were applied to them. Results and discussion. The prevailing degree of vomiting reflex was diagnosed among patients with complete tooth loss and increased emetic reflex: in group I, the distribution of the degree of vomiting reflex was shifted to the moderately pronounced increased gag reflex — 44%, in group II, the minimal degree of severity of the vomiting reflex was diagnosed. A study was made of the peculiarities of the effect of an increased vomiting reflex on the procedure of dental examination and the impression of patients with complete loss of teeth in need of dental orthopedic treatment. It was found that in 98% of cases in group I, the presence of an increased vomiting reflex was associated with the presence of stomatophobic experiences and a number of stomatophobic reactions, in group II experiences and the stomatophobic reactions resulting from them were noted in 36% of cases. In 74% of cases, the experiences were directly related to the increased vomiting reflex. Variants of stomatophobic experiences and reactions are noted. In group I, fear of dental pain dominated (98%), fear of choking on vomit due to activation of the vomiting reflex during dental procedures (73%), fear of opening vomiting during dental procedures (73%), fear of choking on saliva during dental procedures (73%); in group II — fear of dental pain (36%), Fear of dental manipulations (34%). The tactics of managing patients with complete loss of teeth and increased vomiting reflex, aimed at preventing the development of a vomiting reflex during dental procedures, were investigated; optimal tactics determined. It was found that satisfactory print quality was achieved in group Ia in 79%, in group Ib in 94%, in group Ic in 100%. Conclusions. An increased vomiting reflex is able to negatively affect the imprint during orthopedic treatment and complicate the procedure for providing dental care, as well as provoke a number of stomatophobic experiences and stomatophobic reactions in patients. The use of the 3Shape Trios intraoral scanner in patients with increased emetic reflex is considered optimal for imprinting.

Key words:

vomiting reflex, orthopedic treatment, adentia, stomatophobic reactions, dentistry

For Citation

[1]
Kristal E.A. The role of the gag reflex in orthopedic treatment of patients with complete absence of teeth at the stage of dental examination and impression. Clinical Dentistry (Russia).  2020; 1 (93): 64—69. DOI: 10.37988/1811-153X_2020_1_64

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Published on

April 1, 2020