Dental materials used for the manufacture of non-metal restorations

Abstract

Patients’ dissatisfaction with the shape and color of their teeth led to the development of adhesive microprostheses — veneers, which allow achieving the aesthetics of a natural tooth with functional reliability. There are various materials and methods for making veneers. These include: feldspar ceramics, glass ceramics based on lithium disilicate, lecithic glass ceramics, hybrid ceramics, as well as zirconium dioxide veneers. Having studied the literature data, depending on the clinical case, we determined the positive and negative properties of various materials for the restoration of teeth with veneers. Most authors describe clinical cases, materials for the manufacture of veneers and treatment results. Depending on the individual clinical situation, the dentist independently decides on the choice of material for the manufacture of metal-free restorations. When comparing all materials, one of the most optimal options are zirconium dioxide and glass ceramics based on lithium disilicate, which have a number of advantages, namely high aesthetic properties and physico-mechanical properties that meet the requirements of patients. These materials have excellent bending strength: zirconium dioxide has 1554 MPa, lithium disilicate-based glass ceramics have about 400 MPa, which increases the service life of orthopedic structures and a minimum number of complications. Conlusions. Materials such as polycrystalline ceramics based on zirconium dioxide and glass ceramics reinforced with lithium disilicate crystals have optimal aesthetic and physico-mechanical properties, which allows meeting the increased requirements of patients, as well as increasing the service life of veneers with a minimum number of complications.